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Lohachara Island ((ヒンディー語:लोहचार द्वीप); (ベンガル語:লোহচার দ্বীপ)) was an islet which was permanently flooded in the 1980s.〔(Kolkata Newsline – 22 yrs after deluge, they fear more ) October 31, 2006〕 It was located in the Hooghly River as part of the Sundarban delta in the Sundarban National Park, located near the Indian state of West Bengal. The definite disappearance of the island was reported by Indian researchers in December 2006,〔(Disappearing world: Global warming claims tropical island ), The Independent, December 24, 2006.〕 which led to international press coverage. No specific study was ever done to prove that the island was permanently inundated (and not eroded away) because of sea level rise.〔http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-04-03/kolkata/28047165_1_nayachar-global-warming-kolkata-and-haldia-docks〕 In April 2009 local Newspapers announced that Lochara Island rises from waters again.〔http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-04-03/kolkata/28010962_1_island-ghoramara-lohachara-and-bedford〕 == Overview == The islet is one of a number of "vanishing islands" in India's part of the delta: in the past two decades, four islands – Bedford (or Suparibhanga), Lohachara, South Talpatti Island (disputed island between Bangladesh and India), and Kabasgadi – have been permanently flooded. Of them, only Lohachara was an inhabited island where more than 6,000 people used to live. The loss of land has created thousands of displaced people in the area who were forced to move to the mainland.〔http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20100324/ap_on_sc/as_india_disappearing_island〕 There are multiple causes〔(The Indian Express – By 2020, 12 more Sunderban islands set to go under water ) October 30, 2006〕 of the disappearances of islands in the delta, including sea-level rise, coastal erosion, cyclones (while the number of cyclones has decreased, their intensity has increased),〔(The Telegraph, Calcutta – Vanishing islands Displaced Climate casualties Underlying truth ) October 30, 2006〕 mangrove destruction and coastal flooding. In 1974 the Farakka Barrage began diverting water into the Hoogly River during its dry season. During each monsoon season almost all the Bengali delta is submerged, much of it for half a year.〔Rivers of Life: Living with Floods in Bangladesh. M. Q. Zaman. Asian Survey, Vol. 33, No. 10 (Oct., 1993), pp. 985-996〕 The sediment of the lower delta plain is primarily advected inland by monsoonal coastal setup and cyclonic events.〔(Modern sediment supply to the lower delta plain of the Ganges-Brahmaputra River in Bangladesh ). September, 2001. Geo-Marine Letters, Volume 21, Number 2. 〕 One of the greatest challenges people living on the Ganges Delta may face in coming years is the threat of rising sea waters caused by subsidence (sinking) in the region. Residents have to be careful building on the river delta, as severe flooding sometimes occurs. A 1990 study noted "There is no evidence that environmental degradation in the Himalayas or a 'greenhouse'-induced rise in sea level have aggravated floods in Bangladesh."〔Floods in Bangladesh: II. Flood Mitigation and Environmental Aspects. H. Brammer. The Geographical Journal, Vol. 156, No. 2 (Jul., 1990), pp. 158-165. 〕 The Bengal Basin is slowly tilting towards the east due to neo-tectonic movement. As a result, the salinity of Bangladesh Sunderbans is much lower than that of the Indian Sunderbans.〔(Environmental classification of mangrove wetlands of India ). V. Selvam. Current Science, Vol. 84, No. 6, 25 March 2003.〕 Overall population of the Sundarbans has risen 200% to nearly 4.3 million.〔(BBC - Fears rise for sinking Sundarbans ) 15 September 2003〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Lohachara Island」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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